Persistence and Variation in Overweight and Obesity Among the Pre-school Population of the Community of Madrid After 2 Years of Follow-up. The ELOIN Cohort

a Servicio de Epidemiología, Dirección General de Salud Pública, Consejería de Sanidad, Madrid, Spain
b Centro Nacional de Epidemiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
c Servicio de Informes de Salud y Estudios, Dirección General de Salud Pública, Consejería de Sanidad, Madrid, Spain
d Centro de Salud Canillejas, Consejería de Sanidad, Madrid, Spain
e Centro de Salud Las Calesas, Consejería de Sanidad, Madrid, Spain
f Departamento de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid/IdiPAZ, Madrid, Spain
Refers to
Javier Aranceta-Bartrina, Carmen Pérez-Rodrigo
Rev Esp Cardiol. 2018;71:888-91
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Keywords
Overweight. Obesity. Body mass index. Cohort. Childhood. Spain.Abstract
Introduction and objectivesThe childhood obesity epidemic is a worldwide public health problem which starts at very early ages. The aim of this study was to determine the persistence of and variation in overweight and obesity among a cohort of children followed up from 4 to 6 years of age.
MethodsThe data were drawn from the ELOIN (Longitudinal Childhood Obesity Study), a population-based cohort in the Community of Madrid, Spain. A total of 2435 children were involved. Weight and height were objectively measured and standardised at 4 (2012-2013) and 6 years of age (2014-2015) by 31 purpose-trained pediatricians. Three reference criteria were used: the World Health Organization (WHO-2006), International Obesity Task Force (IOTF-2000), and Spanish tables of the Orbegozo Foundation 2004, were used to define “absence of excess weight”, overweight and obesity.
ResultsAccording to the above three classification criteria, between the ages of 4 and 6 years the prevalence of overweight increased from 5.7%-16.5% (range of the 3 criteria) to 8.9%-17.0%, and obesity increased from 3.0%-5.4% to 6.1%-10.1%. Three out of every 4 obese children at age 4 years persisted with obesity at age 6 years, whereas 20.6%-29.3% who were overweight became obese. A total of 8.0% to 16.1% of children maintained “excess weight” (overweight/obesity), 7.9% to 11% were new cases, and 2.2% to 5.9% showed remission.
ConclusionsExcess weight increased between the ages of 4 and 6 years. Important variations were observed in weight status susceptible to intervention during well-child visits.
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1885-5857/© 2018 Sociedad Española de Cardiología. Published by Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved