Información del artículo
La definición de nuevos abordajes para la prevención y el tratamiento de la arteriosclerosis y sus syndromes asociados es un alta necesidad y prioridad debido al impacto en la morbimortalidad y la salud pública de estas enfermedades. Recientemente, se ha demostrado que la evaluación de la disfunción endotelial, en su vertiente de vasorreactividad, es una herramienta de utilidad para valorar la arteriosclerosis. Los factores de riesgos clásicos y emergentes están demostrando su asociación con la disfunción endotelial y la clínica en la enfermedad cardiovascular se relaciona, en parte, con la pérdida de una función endotelial reguladora de la homeostasis vascular. En estudios recientes se indica que la severidad de la disfunción endotelial se asocia con el riesgo cardiovascular, y finalmente, muchas intervenciones farmacológicas y dietéticas que reducen el riesgo cardiovascular han demostrado mejorar la función endotelial. El endotelio y su función han entrado plenamente en la práctica clínica y el control de la función endotelial está emergiendo como la llave de terapias que pueden interferir en el desarrollo de la arteriosclerosis y sus complicaciones clínicas.
Palabras clave:
Endotelio
Cardiovascular
Aterosclerosis
Óxido nítrico
Abreviaturas:
ADMA
ADP
bFGF
CAM
CE
CML
eNOS
GMP
HDL
HMG-CoA
ICAM-I
IL
LDL
LDLox
MCP-1
NF-κβ
NO
NOS
PAF
PAI-I
PDGF
PECAM 1
PGI2
PPARγ
SREBP
SSRE
TNFα
t-PA
TXA2
VCAM
VLDL
vWF
The development of new approaches to the prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis and its clinical manifestations is a priority because of the impact these diseases have on morbidity, mortality and public health. Recently, it has been demonstrated that assessment of endothelial dysfunction can be useful in the evaluation of vascular disease. Both classical and newly identified risk factors have been shown to be associated with endothelial dysfunction. Indeed, loss of the endothelium's homeostatic regulatory function has been linked to the clinical manifestation of cardiovascular disease. Moreover, recent reports indicate that there is a correlation between the severity of endothelial dysfunction and cardiovascular risk. Finally, both dietary and pharmacological interventions aimed at reducing cardiovascular risk have been shown to improve endothelial function. Consequently, the endothelium and its function have now become important in clinical practice and the control of endothelial function is emerging as a key element of therapies designed to prevent the development of atherosclerosis and its clinical complications.
Key words:
Endothelium
Cardiovascular disease
Atherosclerosis
Nitric oxide
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Este trabajo ha sido financiado por FIS C-03/01 RED Recava, FIS PI020361, PN SAF2003-03187, Fondos de Investigación no restringidos de MSD, Programa «Freedom to Discover» BMS y Fundación de Investigación Cardiovascular Catalana-Occidente.
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