ISSN: 0300-8932 Factor de impacto 2025 4,2
Vol. 79. Núm. 9.
Páginas 781-791 (Septiembre 2026)

Artículo de revisión
Nuevas perspectivas sobre arritmias ventriculares en la amiloidosis cardiaca: una revisión actualizada

Novel insights on ventricular arrhythmias in cardiac amyloidosis: an updated narrative review

Caterina ButturiniaSimona FortunatoaMartina SettiaHelena Llamas-GómezbMaría Luisa Peña-PeñabAnna PiccoliaLuca TomasiaFlavio RibichiniaGiacomo Mugnaia
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.recesp.2026.03.006

Opciones

Imagen extra
Rev Esp Cardiol. 2026;79:781-91
Resumen

La amiloidosis cardiaca (AC) conlleva un riesgo significativo de arritmias ventriculares y muerte súbita cardiaca. El riesgo arrítmico difiere según el subtipo: la variante de cadenas ligeras suele ser más arritmogénica debido a la toxicidad directa de estas, mientras que, en la forma por transtirretina, predomina la enfermedad del sistema de conducción. Aunque las técnicas de imagen avanzada, particularmente la resonancia magnética cardiaca, predicen con precisión la mortalidad por todas las causas, no distinguen de manera fiable a los pacientes que sufrirán un episodio arrítmico desfibrilable de aquellos que fallecerán por insuficiencia cardiaca progresiva o disociación electromecánica. Esta limitación debilita la evidencia a favor del tratamiento profiláctico con desfibrilador automático implantable, por lo que su papel sigue siendo muy controvertido. En esta revisión, se examina críticamente la evidencia actual sobre la fisiopatología, la estratificación del riesgo y el abordaje de las arritmias ventriculares en la AC; se analizan la utilidad y las limitaciones de las herramientas diagnósticas, y se evalúan las estrategias terapéuticas, incluido el papel emergente de la ablación con catéter. Además, se analizan cómo los tratamientos eficaces modificadores de la enfermedad podrían redefinir el curso de la AC y hacer que la prevención de la muerte súbita cardiaca sea un desafío aún más importante.

Palabras clave

Amiloidosis cardiaca
Arritmias ventriculares
Muerte súbita cardiaca
Desfibrilador automático implantable

Abreviaturas

AC
AL
ATTR
AV
CRM
DAI
MSC
RTG

Identifíquese

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