ISSN: 0300-8932 Factor de impacto 2023 7,2
Vol. 6. Núm. G.
Páginas 13G-23G (Septiembre 2006)

Tratamiento de las hiperlipemias en pacientes con riesgo cardiovascular elevado
Dislipemia diabética, síndrome metabólico y riesgo cardiovascular

Diabetic Dyslipemia, Metabolic Syndrome and Cardiovascular Risk

Inés Gómez OteroJosé Ramón González-Juanatey¿

Opciones

Las alteraciones del metabolismo de los hidratos de carbono (glucemia basal alterada, intolerancia a la glucosa y diabetes mellitus) constituyen uno de los problemas de salud con mayor tasa de crecimiento en los últimos años. Dichas alteraciones suelen coexistir con varios de los factores de riesgo clásicos (hipertensión arterial, dislipemia, obesidad, etc.), así como con otros determinantes del riesgo cardiovascular (elevación de marcadores de inflamación, hipofibrinólisis, aumento de la trombogenicidad, etc.). Estas alteraciones constituyen lo que en su conjunto conocemos como síndrome metabólico, y su nexo patogenético es la resistencia a la acción periférica de la insulina. La resistencia insulínica tiene un papel determinante en el inicio, la progresión y la inestabilización del proceso aterosclerótico, asociándose con una mayor incidencia de enfermedades cardiovasculares. Se ha observado que el control glucémico constituye una medida insuficiente a la hora de frenar el daño vascular, por lo que se necesita una intervención multidisciplinaria encaminada a controlar los múltiples factores de riesgo desde fases precoces de la enfermedad. En la actualidad son cada vez mayores las evidencias sobre el efecto positivo de algunos fármacos, que modifican la condición subyacente de resistencia insulínica, a la hora de frenar tanto la progresión a diabetes tipo 2 como el desarrollo del daño vascular.

Palabras clave

Síndrome metabólico
Dislipemia diabética
Riesgo cardiovascular
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